绗簩閮ㄥ垎銆佺數鍖栧鍒嗘瀽娉?/p>
绗竴绔犮�佺數瀵肩數浣嶅垎鏋愭硶
涓�銆侀�夋嫨棰?/p>
1.
鍦ㄧ洿鎺ョ數浣嶆硶涓殑鎸囩ず鐢垫瀬锛屽叾鐢典綅涓庤娴嬬瀛愮殑娲诲害鐨勫叧绯讳负
(
4
)
(1)
鏃犲叧
(2)
鎴愭姣?/p>
(3)
涓庡叾瀵规暟鎴愭姣?/p>
(4)
绗﹀悎鑳芥柉鐗瑰叕寮?/p>
2.
M
1
| M
1
n+
|| M
2
m+
| M
2
鍦ㄤ笂杩扮數姹犵殑鍥捐В琛ㄧず寮忎腑锛岃瀹氬乏杈圭殑鐢垫瀬涓?/p>
(
4
)
(1)
姝ｆ瀬
(2)
鍙傛瘮鐢垫瀬
(3)
闃存瀬
(4)
闃虫瀬
3.
鐜荤拑鑶滈挔绂诲瓙閫夋嫨鐢垫瀬瀵归捑绂诲瓙鐨勭數浣嶉�夋嫨鎬х郴鏁颁负
0.002
锛岃繖鎰忓懗鐫�鐢垫瀬瀵归挔绂诲瓙鐨?/p>
鏁忔劅涓洪捑绂诲瓙鐨勫�嶆暟鏄?/p>
(
)
(1) 0.002
鍊?/p>
(2) 500
鍊?/p>
(3) 2000
鍊?/p>
(4) 5000
鍊?/p>
4.
涓嬪垪寮虹數瑙ｈ川婧舵恫鍦ㄦ棤闄愮█閲婃椂鐨勬懇灏旂數瀵?/p>
飦?/p>
鈭?/p>
/S
路
m
2
路
mol
-1
鍒嗗埆涓猴細
(
)
飦?/p>
鈭?/p>
(NH
4
Cl)=1.499
脳
10
-2
锛?/p>
顠?/p>
飦?/p>
鈭?/p>
(NaOH)=2.487
脳
10
-2
锛?/p>
顠?/p>
飦?/p>
鈭?/p>
(NaCl)=1.265
脳
10
-2
銆?
鎵�浠?/p>
NH
3
路
H
2
O
婧舵恫鐨?/p>
飦?/p>
鈭?/p>
(NH
4
OH) /S
路
m
2
路
mol
-1
涓?/p>
(
)
(
1) 2.721
脳
10
-2
(2) 2.253
脳
10
-2
(3) 9.88
脳
10
-2
(4) 1.243
脳
10
-2
5.
閽剧瀛愰�夋嫨鐢垫瀬鐨勯�夋嫨鎬х郴鏁颁负
6
pot
Mg
,
K
10
8
.
1
2
飥?/p>
飩?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
飥?/p>
K
锛屽綋鐢ㄨ鐢垫瀬娴嬫祿搴︿负
1.0
脳
10
-5
mol/L K
+
锛屾祿搴︿负
1.0
脳
10
-2
mol/L Mg
婧舵恫鏃讹紝鐢?/p>
Mg
寮曡捣鐨?/p>
K
+
娴嬪畾璇樊涓?/p>
(
)
(1) 0.00018%
(2) 134%
(3) 1.8%
(4) 3.6%
6.
鍒╃敤閫夋嫨鎬х郴鏁板彲浠ヤ及璁″共鎵扮瀛愬甫鏉ョ殑璇樊锛岃嫢
05
.
0
pot
j
i,
飥?/p>
K
,
骞叉壈绂诲瓙鐨勬祿搴︿负
0.1mol/L
锛岃娴嬬瀛愮殑娴撳害涓?/p>
0.2mol/L
锛屽叾鐧惧垎璇樊涓?/p>
(i
銆?/p>
j
鍧囦负涓�浠风瀛?/p>
)
(
)
(1) 2.5
(2) 5
(3) 10
(4) 20
7.
鐢垫睜锛?/p>
Ca
锛堟恫鑶滅數鏋侊級鈹?/p>
Ca
2+
(
a
= 1.35
脳
10
-2
mol/L) || SCE
鐨勭數鍔ㄥ娍涓?/p>
0.430V
,
鍒欐湭鐭ユ恫
鐨?/p>
pCa
鏄?/p>
(
)
(1) -3.55
(2) -0.84
(3) 4.58
(4) 7.29
8.
涓嬪垪璇存硶涓纭殑鏄?/p>
:
鏅朵綋鑶滅绂诲瓙閫夋嫨鐢垫瀬鐨勭數浣?/p>
(
)
(1)
闅忚瘯娑蹭腑閾剁瀛愭祿搴︾殑澧為珮鍚戞鏂瑰悜鍙樺寲
(2)
闅忚瘯娑蹭腑纰樼瀛愭祿搴︾殑澧為珮
鍚戞鏂瑰悜鍙樺寲
(3)
涓庤瘯娑蹭腑閾剁瀛愮殑娴撳害鏃犲叧
(4)
涓庤瘯娑蹭腑姘扮瀛愮殑娴撳害鏃犲叧
9.
涓嬪垪璇存硶涓紝姝ｇ‘鐨勬槸
姘熺數鏋佺殑鐢典綅
(
)
(1)
闅忚瘯娑蹭腑姘熺瀛愭祿搴︾殑澧為珮鍚戞鏂瑰悜鍙樺寲
(2)
闅忚瘯娑蹭腑姘熺瀛愭椿搴︾殑澧為珮
鍚戞鏂瑰悜鍙樺寲
(3)
涓庤瘯娑蹭腑姘㈡哀鏍圭瀛愮殑娴撳害鏃犲叧
(4)
涓婅堪涓夌璇存硶閮戒笉瀵?/p>
10.
鐜荤拑鑶滈挔绂诲瓙閫夋嫨鐢垫瀬瀵规阿绂诲瓙鐨勭數浣嶉�夋嫨鎬х郴鏁颁负
100
锛屽綋閽犵數鏋佺敤浜庢祴瀹?/p>
1
脳
10
-5
mol/L Na
+
鏃讹紝瑕佹弧瓒虫祴瀹氱殑鐩稿璇樊灏忎簬
1%
锛屽垯璇曟恫鐨?/p>
pH
搴斿綋鎺у埗鍦ㄥぇ浜?/p>
(
)
(1) 3
(2) 5
(3) 7
(4) 9
11.
绂诲瓙閫夋嫨鐢垫瀬鐨勭數浣嶉�夋嫨鎬х郴鏁板彲鐢ㄤ簬
(
)
(1)
浼拌鐢垫瀬鐨勬娴嬮檺
(2)
浼拌鍏卞瓨绂诲瓙鐨勫共鎵扮▼搴?/p>
(3)
鏍℃鏂规硶璇樊
(4)
璁＄畻鐢垫瀬鐨勫搷搴旀枩鐜?/p>
12.
鐢ㄦ隘鍖栭摱鏅朵綋鑶滅瀛愰�夋嫨鐢垫瀬娴嬪畾姘瀛愭椂锛屽浠ラケ鍜岀敇姹炵數鏋佷綔涓哄弬姣旂數鏋侊紝搴旈�?/p>
鐢ㄧ殑鐩愭ˉ涓猴細
(
)
(1) KNO
3
(2) KCl
(3) KBr
(4) KI
13.
鐢ㄧ瀛愰�夋嫨鐢垫瀬鏍囧噯鍔犲叆娉曡繘琛屽畾閲忓垎鏋愭椂锛屽鍔犲叆鏍囧噯婧舵恫鐨勮姹備负
(
)
(1)
浣撶Н瑕佸ぇ锛屽叾娴撳害瑕侀珮
(2)
浣撶Н瑕佸皬锛屽叾娴撳害瑕佷綆