绗竴鑺?/p>
鑴傝偑鐑?/p>
浠�涔堟牱鐨勭儍鏄兎鐑冨憿锛熻澶у鍥炲繂涓�涓嬨�?/p>
涓�銆佺兎鐑?/p>
1
銆佺粨鏋勭壒鐐瑰拰閫氬紡锛氫粎鍚?/p>
C
鈥?/p>
C
閿拰
C
鈥?/p>
H
閿殑楗卞拰閾剧儍锛屽張鍙兎鐑冦�?/p>
锛堣嫢
C
鈥?/p>
C
杩炴垚鐜姸锛岀О涓虹幆鐑风儍銆?/p>
锛?/p>
鐑风儍鐨勯�氬紡锛?/p>
C
n
H
2n+2
(n
鈮?/p>
1)
鎺ヤ笅鏉ュぇ瀹堕�氳繃涓嬭〃涓粰鍑虹殑鏁版嵁锛屼粩缁嗚瀵熴�佹�濊�冦�佹�荤粨锛岀湅鑷繁鑳藉緱鍒颁粈涔堜俊鎭紵
琛?/p>
2
鈥?/p>
1
閮ㄥ垎鐑风儍鐨勬哺鐐瑰拰鐩稿瀵嗗害
鍚嶇О
缁撴瀯绠�寮?/p>
娌哥偣
/
潞
C
鐩稿瀵嗗害
鐢茬兎
CH
4
-164
0.466
涔欑兎
CH
3
CH
3
-88.6
0.572
涓佺兎
CH
3
(CH
2
)
2
CH
3
-0.5
0.578
(
鏍规嵁涓婅〃鎬荤粨鍑虹兎鐑冪殑鐗╃悊鎬ц川鐨勯�掑彉瑙勫緥
)
2
銆佺墿鐞嗘�ц川
鐑风儍鐨勭墿鐞嗘�ц川闅忕潃鍒嗗瓙涓⒊鍘熷瓙鏁扮殑閫掑锛屽憟瑙勫緥鎬у彉鍖栵紝娌哥偣閫愭笎鍗囬珮锛岀浉瀵瑰瘑搴﹂�愭笎澧炲ぇ锛涘父娓╀笅鐨勫瓨
鍦ㄧ姸鎬侊紝涔熺敱姘旀�?/p>
(n
鈮?/p>
4)
閫愭笎杩囨浮鍒版恫鎬併�佸浐鎬併�傝繕鏈夛紝鐑风儍鐨勫瘑搴︽瘮姘村皬锛屼笉婧朵簬姘达紝鏄撴憾浜庢湁
鎴戜滑鐭ラ亾鍚岀郴鐗╃殑缁撴瀯鐩镐技锛岀浉浼肩殑缁撴瀯鍐冲畾浜嗗叾浠栫兎鐑冨叿鏈変笌鐢茬兎鐩镐技鐨勫寲瀛︽�ц川銆?/p>
3
銆佸寲瀛︽�ц川锛堜笌鐢茬兎鐩镐技锛?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夊彇浠ｅ弽搴?/p>
濡傦細
CH
3
CH
3
+ Cl
2
鈫?
CH
3
CH
2
Cl + HCl
锛?/p>
2
锛夋哀鍖栧弽搴?/p>
C
n
H
2n+2
+
鈥?/p>
O
2
鈫?/p>
nCO
2
+(n+1)H
2
O
鐑风儍涓嶈兘浣块吀鎬ч珮閿伴吀閽炬憾娑茶お鑹?/p>
鎺ヤ笅鏉ュぇ瀹跺洖蹇嗕竴涓嬩箼鐑殑缁撴瀯鍜屾�ц川锛屼究浜庤繘涓�姝ュ涔犵儻鐑冦�?/p>
浜屻�佺儻鐑?/p>
1
銆佹蹇碉細鍒嗗瓙閲屽惈鏈夌⒊纰冲弻閿殑涓嶉ケ鍜岄摼鐑冨彨鍋氱儻鐑冦�?/p>
閫氬紡锛?/p>
C
n
H
2n
(n
鈮?/p>
2)
渚嬶細
涔欑儻
涓欑儻
1-
涓佺儻
2-
涓佺儻
甯堬細璇峰ぇ瀹舵牴鎹笅琛ㄦ�荤粨鍑虹儻鐑冪殑鐗╃悊鎬ц川鐨勯�掑彉瑙勫緥銆?/p>
琛?/p>
2
鈥?/p>
1
閮ㄥ垎鐑儍鐨勬哺鐐瑰拰鐩稿瀵嗗害
鍚嶇О
缁撴瀯绠�寮?/p>
娌哥偣
/
潞
C
鐩稿瀵嗗害
涔欑儻
CH
2
=
CH
2
-103.7
0.566
涓欑儻
CH
2
=
CHCH
3
-47.4
0.519
(
鏍规嵁涓婅〃鎬荤粨鍑虹儻鐑冪殑鐗╃悊鎬ц川鐨勯�掑彉瑙勫緥
)
2
銆佺墿鐞嗘�ц川锛堝彉鍖栬寰嬩笌鐑风儍鐩镐技锛?/p>
鐑儍缁撴瀯涓婄殑鐩镐技鎬у喅瀹氫簡瀹冧滑鍏锋湁涓庝箼鐑浉浼肩殑鍖栧鎬ц川銆?/p>
3
銆佸寲瀛︽�ц川锛堜笌涔欑儻鐩镐技锛?/p>
锛?/p>
1
锛夌儻鐑冪殑鍔犳垚鍙嶅簲锛?/p>
锛堣姹傚鐢熺粌涔狅級
锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
2
涓�浜屾捍涓欑兎
锛涗笝鐑?/p>
2
鈥斺�斿崵涓欑兎
锛堢畝鍗曚粙缁嶄笉瀵圭О鍔犵О瑙勫垯锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
3
锛夊姞鑱氬弽搴旓細
鑱氫笝鐑?/p>
鍏夌収
3n+1
2
鐐圭噧