1
璇鹃
灏戝勾闂板湡
璇惧瀷
璁茶璇炬枃
鎺堣
鏃堕棿
2
璇炬椂
鏁欏
鐩爣
1.
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13
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2.
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1
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3.
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浜嗚В闂板湡鏄竴
涓媷鏁㈡満鏅恒�佽仾鏄庤兘骞层�佽澶氳瘑骞跨殑鍐滃灏戝勾锛屾劅鍙椾綔鑰呯儹鐖卞姵鍔ㄤ汉姘戠殑鎬濇兂鎰?
鎯呫�?/p>
鏁欏
閲嶇偣
瀛︿範鍥涗欢绋�濂囦簨锛屼簡瑙ｉ棸鍦熸槸涓�涓�庢牱鐨勪汉銆備綋浼氭枃绔犱腑鐨勬劅鎯?/p>
銆?/p>
鏁欏
闅剧偣
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涓婄殑鍥涜鐨勫ぉ绌衡�濈瓑鍚箟娣卞埢鍙ュ瓙鐨勬剰鎬?/p>
銆?/p>
绗竴璇炬椂
鏁欏
鐩爣
1.
鐔熻璇炬枃銆?/p>
2.
閲嶇偣鎰熸偀鍥涗欢绋�濂囦簨銆?/p>
鏁欏叿
鍑嗗
璇句欢
鏁欏璁捐
璁捐鎰忓浘
瀵煎叆
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
鍒嗛挓
涓�銆佽鍓嶈皥璇濓紝婵�鍙戝叴瓒?/p>
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鏈夊叧涓庝粬鐨勬晠浜嬨�?/p>
锛堢敓璇粹�︹�︼級浠婂ぉ锛屾垜浠鏉ヨ璇嗕竴浣?/p>
涓庢垜浠勾榫勭浉浠跨殑鏈嬪弸銆?/p>
銆愯浠跺嚭绀?/p>
1
锛?/p>
璇鹃銆?/p>
锛堟澘涔﹁棰橈細
灏戝勾闂板湡锛?/p>
璇炬枃鑺傞�夎嚜椴佽繀鐨勫皬璇淬�婃晠涔°�?/p>
銆?/p>
甯堜粙缁嶉瞾杩咃細
銆愯浠跺嚭绀?/p>
2
銆?/p>
椴佽繀锛?/p>
1881
锝?/p>
1936
锛?/p>
涓?/p>
鍥芥枃瀛﹀銆佹�濇兂瀹跺拰闈╁懡瀹躲�傚師鍚嶅懆鏍戜汉锛屽瓧璞墠锛屾禉姹?/p>
缁嶅叴浜恒�?/p>
1918
骞?/p>
5
鏈堬紝棣栨鐢ㄧ瑪鍚嶁�滈瞾杩呪�濆彂琛ㄤ腑鍥界幇浠?/p>
鏂囧鍙蹭笂绗竴绡囩櫧璇濆皬璇淬�婄媯浜烘棩璁般�?/p>
锛屽瀹氫簡鏂版枃瀛﹁繍
鍔ㄧ殑鍩虹煶銆?/p>
1927
锝?/p>
1935
骞存湡闂寸殑鏉傛枃锛?/p>
娣卞埢鍦板垎鏋愪簡鍚勭
绀句細闂锛岃〃鐜板嚭鍗撹秺鐨勬斂娌昏繙瑙佸拰闊ф�х殑鎴樻枟绮剧锛屽
涓浗闈╁懡鏂囧寲浜嬩笟浣滃嚭浜嗗法澶х殑璐＄尞銆備唬琛ㄤ綔鏈夈�婂椒寰ㄣ�?/p>
銆婇噹鑽夈�?/p>
銆婃湞鑺卞鎷俱�嬬瓑銆?/p>
瀵艰棣栧厛浠庢縺鍙?/p>
瀛︾敓宸叉湁鐢熸椿缁忛獙鍏?/p>
鎵嬶紝
璁╁鐢熻璇磋嚜宸辩湅
杩囧摢浜涢瞾杩呭啓鐨勪綔鍝?
鍜屾湁鍏充粬鐨勬晠浜嬶紝
鏃㈠府
鍔╁鐢熺Н绱湁鍏宠瑷�
鏉愭枡锛?/p>
鍙堣嚜鐒跺湴杩囨浮鍒?
璇炬枃鍐呭涓幓銆?/p>