Unit 7 参观访问Extra Text for Practice
Passage One
汉译英：
1、上海博物馆是一座大型中国古代艺术博物馆，创建于1952年，并于1992年在市中心人民广场的新址上兴建新馆。1996年雄伟壮观的上海博物馆新馆全面对外开放，计有11个专馆和3个展览馆，开放面积达1万余平方米。上海博物馆的馆藏珍贵文物12万件，包括青铜器、陶瓷器、书法、绘画、雕塑、家具、玉牙器、竹木漆器、甲骨、玺印、钱币、少数民族工艺等21个门类，其中青铜器、陶瓷器和书画为馆藏三大特色。
The Shanghai Museum is a large museum of ancient Chinese art. The museum was first established in 1952, and in 1992 it acquired a new site on the downtown People's Square. The magnificent new Shanghai Museum was open in its entirety to public visitors in 1996, with eleven galleries and three exhibition halls in a space of over 10,000 square meters. With bronze ware, ceramics, and painting and calligraphy as its distinctive collections, the Shanghai Museum boasts 120,000 pieces of rare and precious cultural relics in twenty-one categories, including bronze ware, ceramics, calligraphy, paintings, sculpture, furniture, jade and ivory carvings, bamboo and wood carvings, lacquer ware, oracle bones, seals, coins, and handicrafts of ethnic art.
2、上海博物馆新馆建筑总面积38 000平方米，由地下两层、地上5层构成，建筑高度29．5米。这座壮观的新馆将方体基座和巨型圆顶及4个拱形出挑结合起来，象征着传统文化与时代精神的完美融合。从高处俯瞰，上海博物馆的玻璃圆顶犹如一面硕大的汉代铜镜。从远处眺望，新馆建筑犹如一尊青铜古鼎，默默承载着5 000年历史和文明的重荷。
The new site of the Shanghai Museum has a construction space of 38,000 square meters with two floors underground and five floors above the ground with a height of 29.5 meters. This grand new building, structured with a square base and a circular top with four arch-shaped handles erected on it, symbolizes the perfect fusion of China's traditional culture and the spirit of modern times. When viewed from above, the circular top with a glass dome in the center looks like a huge bronze mirror of the Han Dynasty. When viewed at a distance, the whole building resembles an ancient bronze ding tripod, shouldering in silence the heavy weight of the five-thousand- year Chinese history and civilization.
3、上海博物馆南面大门的两侧，耸立着8尊汉白玉雕塑。这是从300多件汉、唐雕塑文物中遴选出8件作品加以仿制放大，每件高近3米，重约20吨，极具庄严雄浑之气。传统文化与现代风格的完美结合，在室内装饰上也得以充分体现。大堂扶手拦板均由回首卷尾的龙纹图案组成，即便是金光灿灿的扶梯包首，也胎息于商代青铜器中的龙头。沿着石阶登堂进入博物馆，您将领略到推开历史之门的沉重和喜悦。
The southern entrance of the Shanghai Museum is flanked by eight dignified mighty animals in white-marble sculpture, each with a height of close to three meters and a weight of about twenty tons. These eight sculptures were modeled and magnified after the prototypes carefully selected from over 300 stone and bronze sculpture relics of the Han, Northern and Southern, Sui and Tang Dynasties collected in the museum. The museum's perfect combination of traditional culture and modern architectural style is also fully captured by the interior decoration of the museum. For example, the hall's banisters are designed with interlocked dragon patterns; the even
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end of each railing is covered with the type of golden dragonhead derived from the Shang bronze design. Following the stone steps into the hall, you will lose yourself in a mixed feeling of solemnity and joy upon opening the door of history.
4、 上海博物馆拥有一批古文物研究、鉴定和考古的高级专家，推出了94种学术出版物。上海博物馆还有藏有20多万册艺术类和历史类图书和现代化图书馆、曾获得多项国家科技成果奖的文物保护技术科学实验室、书画装裱研究室、青铜陶瓷修复研究室，以及配有同声传译设施的多功能国际学术会议讲演厅。
The Shanghai Museum has a team of senior experts specializing in research and authentication of cultural relics, as well as in field archaeology. The research team has so far published 94 academic books over the years. Meanwhile, the museum features a modern library with over 200,000 books in the fields art and history, a laboratory of scientific conservation of cultural relics which has won several prizes of National Science and Technology Achievement, a studio for restoring and mounting works of ancient Chinese painting and calligraphy, a studio for repairing and restoring ancient bronze and ceramic works, and a multi-functional international conference hall equipped with a simultaneous interpretation system.
5、上海博物馆的考古部承担全市考古发掘工作。考古工作者在全市范围内发现了新石器时代至战国的古文化遗址27处，清理了新石器时代至明清时代的古墓葬500余座，证明上海有6 000年的历史。
The Archaeological Department of the Shanghai Museum undertakes the work of archaeological excavation in the Shanghai area. The archaeologists of the department have discovered twenty-seven historical sites ranging in age from the Neolithic Age to the Warring States Period. They have also unearthed over 500 ancient tombs spanning from the Neolithic Age to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, which provides evidence in support of the conclusion that Shanghai has a history of six thousand years.
6、上海博物馆重视对外文化交流活动，先后在亚洲、欧洲、北美和澳洲的16个国家和地区举办了39个古代艺术文物展览，引进了18个来自不同国家和地区的艺术展览。这些展览对弘扬中华民族文化、了解世界各国文化，起到了积极的作用。上海博物馆积极开展国际学术交流活动，近10年来派出专家学者参加国际学术会议和专题交流达100多人次，并多次在馆内主持举办了国际学术交流活动。
The museum attaches great importance to international cultural exchanges, and has held thirty-nine art exhibitions of Chinese cultural relics in sixteen countries and regions in Asia, Europe, North America and Australia, and hosted eighteen art exhibitions from foreign countries and regions. Theses activities have played a positive role in promoting the fine traditions of Chinese culture in the world and providing channels for the Chinese to know about foreign cultures. Actively engaged in international academic exchanges, the museum has sent more than one hundred specialists and scholars to participate in international academic conferences and seminars in the recent ten years. At the same time, the museum has organized a number of academic symposiums on its premises.
7、 上海博物馆拥有一个现代化的影视中心，配有先进的放映设备和高清晰度的大屏幕，通过视屏向文物研究者播放上海博物馆珍藏的文物精品。博物馆还设有多媒体导览服务系统
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和数码式语音导览系统，分别用英、日、法、汉等8种语言介绍博物馆的文物精品。在这个电子语音向导的帮助下，参观者可以听到所选展品的讲解词，更好地领略现代科技所表现的古代文化带来的艺术享受。
The museum boasts a modern theater equipped with an advanced video projection system and a large high-definition display screen, through which visiting researchers of cultural relics will have a better idea of the best collection with the museum. As a special tour and guide service to regular visitors, the museum offers an audio tour of the museum's finest exhibits making use of the digital random access technology available in eight languages. With the help of this modern electronic commentary and interpretation guide, visitors will better enjoy the artistic beauty of the select works of ancient culture at their own pace while touring round the museum.
Unit 7 课外练习Passage Two
英译汉： 1、 Situated between the state of New York of the United States and the province of Ontario of Canada, and with an age of 25,000 years, Niagara Falls is one of the most spectacular natural wonders on the North American continent. The falls are on the Niagara River, which flows between the United States and Canada from Lake Erie
to Lake Ontario. The falls are about 17 miles northwest of Buffalo, N.Y. The industrial city and tourist center of Niagara Falls, N.Y., is adjacent to the American side of the falls. Niagara Falls, Ontario, is across the river.
地处美国纽约州和加拿大安大略省交界处、夜着25 000年历史的尼亚加拉瀑布，是北美洲最壮观的自然奇观之一。孕育了瀑布景观的尼亚加拉河发源于伊利湖，沿途将美加两国分开，然后注入安大略湖。尼亚加拉瀑布位于纽约州水牛城东北方向约17英里处。毗邻尼亚加拉瀑布美国一侧、隶属纽约州的尼亚加拉瀑布市是一座工业城市和旅游中心。尼亚加拉河对岸便是隶属安大略省的尼亚加拉瀑布。
2、The falls are divided into two parts by Goat Island. The larger portion, on the southwest side, is the Canadian falls, known as the Horseshoe Falls. It measures 790 meters along its curve and drops 49.4 meters. The smaller American falls is northeast of Goat Island: It is 305 meters across and drops about 51 meters. Just before flowing over the ledge, the American stream is only about one meter deep, while the Canadian stream is about six meters deep and carries some 95 percent of the Niagara River's water. Thus the Horseshoe is the larger and grander of the two falls.
尼亚加拉瀑布被山羊岛一劈为二。山羊岛西南面那较大的部分是加拿大瀑布，人称马蹄瀑布。加拿大瀑布的宽度按其弧度测量，达790米，落差为49．4米。相形见“小”的美国瀑布位于山羊岛的东南面，其宽度为305米，落差达51米。邻近断崖的那段水域，美国一侧的河水深仅1米，而加拿大一侧的河水则有6米之深，尼亚加拉河95％的水量由此通过。因此，无论从规模上还是从壮观程度上来看，位于加拿大一侧的马蹄瀑布不失为两个瀑布之最。
3、 Every minute about 340,000 cubic meters, or close to 379,000 tons, of water pours in torrents over the cliffs of the falls of Niagara. As the water plunges from the brink of the falls, it fills the air with a silvery mist, which under the sunlight displays many brilliant rainbows. The plunging water also sends out a never-ending roar as it strikes the bottom. For this reason the Indians called the cataract Niagara, meaning \
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