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English Grammar ( The Fourth Lesson)
定 语 从 句 （一）关于which和that 1. A plane is a machine that can fly. 2. You must do everything (that) I do. 3.The building（which） we are looking at used to be a hospital. 4.Is this the school（which ）you visited last Sunday?
总结：上述句子都有一个主句和一个从句组成。并且从句都是来修饰它前面的一个名词或代词。因此，在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
要点：?被定语从句修饰的词叫 ：先行词 ?先行词后的划线部分叫：定语从句 ? 引导从句的词叫： 关系代词
当被修饰的词是物时，关系代词用which或 that，当关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，可以省略。 即学即练：
1.The noodles (我煮的） were delicious.(cook)
2.The fish (我们今早买的）were not fresh.(buy)
3.The building (正在建造的）is intended for the teachers.(build)
4..The earthquake (你们刚刚谈到的）sounded frightening/shocking.(talk)
（二）关于who和whom
1.The foreigners who visited our class yesterday is from Canada. 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom. 3.The person to whom you just talked is Mr Li. 4.Mrs Read is the person to whom you should write. 总结: 当现行词是人时，关系代词用who或whom，且关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，可以省略。
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即学即练：
5.He is one of the tourists （去过伦敦的）.
6.Those （被困在···的）under the ruins finally got rescued.（trap）
7.The man (正与我聊天的）on line is Tony.(with)
8.My family, (他们全都是音乐爱好者）, are going to the movie tonight.（all）
（三）关于whose
1.This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world. 2.I went to see my friend the Smiths, whose children I used to looked after when they were very small. 3.He has written a book whose name I’ve forgotten. 4.The room whose window faces South is mine. 总结：whose通常在翻译为：···的，它修饰的词常与现行词为所属关系。 即学即练：
9.This is a book （它的封面是蓝色的）.（cover）
10. The soldier （他的左脚受伤了）during the rescue is only twenty years old.（wound）
11.I have lost a book （书名我一时想不起来了）. 12,The teacher likes to praise her (她的答案总是对的） 即学即练答案：
1.(Which /that ) I cooked
2.(which/that) we bought this morning 3.which /that is being built
4.( Which/that) you talked about just now 5.who have been to London. 6.who were trapped
7.with whom I am chatting 8.all of whom are music lovers 9.whose cover is blue
10.whose left foot got wounded
11.whose title escapes me at the moment.=I lost a book,of which the title escapes me at the moment.
12.whose answer is always correct
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练习:将下列句子合并为含有定语从句的复合句。
例：The minerals were unusual. We found them in the rocks . The minerals which/that we found in the rocks were unusual. 1.The lady is very pleased .You found her purse .
2.The experiment failed . The scientist was working on it day and night. 3.The truck went wrong. We bought it last week.
4.Do you know the name of the girl?The girl suffers from heart problems. 5.Many people get angry with the dog.The dog barks loudly every night.
6.The house belongs to the Greens. Its gate faces south.
7.Great changes have taken place in China. China is a developing country.
8.Books are our best friends.We can learn a lot from them.
1.The lady whose purse you found is very pleased .
2.The experiment which the scientist was working on day and night failed . 3.The truck which we bought last week went wrong.
4.Do you know the name of the girl who suffers from heart problems. 5.Many people get angry with the dog which barks loudly every night. 6.The house whose gate faces south belongs to the Greens
7.Great changes have taken place in China which is a developing country. 8.Books are our best friends from which we can learn a lot.