高考英语阅读理解技巧点拨—推理判断题
（一）题型复习
阅读理解归纳为以下四大题型，根据阅读理解题考查角度的不同，可采用不同的解题技巧来应付。
Ⅰ.事实细节题 Ⅱ.猜测词义题
学会\顺藤摸瓜\，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。在阅读解题时要注意从以下七个方面着手： 1）根据定义或解释、说明猜测生词的词义 2）根据对比关系猜测生词的词义 3）通过因果关系猜测词义 4）根据生活常识猜测词义 5）根据同等关系猜测词义 6）根据列举的事例猜测词义 7）根据构词法知识猜测词义 Ⅲ.推理判断题
做这类题要求考生在阅读理解整体语篇的同时，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。不要主观臆断，凭空想象，任意发挥，而走入误区。学生要学会运用主题句去推测、揣摩文字背后作者的意图，运用归纳、对比、演绎技能，运用背景知识去挖掘文章深层含义，从而正确理解作者的言外之意，同时认真体会文章的语气与感情基调(如：否定、厌恶、反问、讽刺等)。这类试题常以如下句式发问：
①What can you conclude/ imply from this passage? ②What’s the author’s attitude（态度）towards...? ③We can infer /learn from the passage that... Ⅳ.主旨大意题
这种题型要求考生能够把握文章的总体，并真正理解主题和中心；要求能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法解题，难度较大，属于高层次题。 一般主旨大意题可以分为两类：
1．确定文章的标题和主题(title or topic)
标题位于文章之首，用来高度概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子。要确定文章标题，首先，要在阅读原文的基础上，考虑标题是否与主题密切相关；其次，看标题是否能概括全文内容。不能只概括短文中的某些事实或细节；然后，要注意标题范围不应太大或太小；最后，标题应简练并能吸引读者。即:1、独特新颖 2、概括性强 3、短小精炼。
常见的标题型题干：
1) The best title/ headline for this passage might be________. 2) The text (passage) could be entitled ______. 3) What is the best title for the passage? 4) What’s the topic of the article?
2.主题句（topic sentence）及主旨大意(main idea)的概括 一篇文章一般表达一个中心内容或主题。这个中心内容或主题通常用一个句子来概括。此句叫做主题句。一般来说，说明文和议论文都有主题句，而且多位于文章的开头，有时也位于
文章的中间或末尾。但有时不能在文中直接找到主题句，要求读者把握每段的主题句，弄清段于段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己归纳总结。主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文的主要内容，具有高度的综合性和概括性。文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释,说明,论证或扩展.
常见的主题句和主旨型题干：
1) What is the topic sentence of the passage?
2) This article/text/passage mainly tells that _____________. 3) Which of the following gives a general idea of the passage? 4) Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?
阅读推理判断题分类： 1. 推断隐含意义
It can be inferred from the text that________________________. The story indicates that______________________.
标志性词语：infer, indicate, suggest, imply, conclude... 2. 推断作者观点或态度
What does the author think of __________________?
What's the author's attitude toward_______________________? In the author's opinion, _________________________.
标志性词语：according to the writer, attitude, think, opinion, consider... 3. 推断写作目的
What is the author's main purpose in this passage?
In the passage the author wants to tell__________________________.
The article is intended to ____________________________________________. 标志性词语：purpose, intend to, show, want ... 4. 推断文章出处
Where would this passage most probably appear? The passage is most likely a part of ______________.
标志性词语：be taken from, appear, a part of, be taken out of ... 5. 推断人物的观点、情感、品性 Sb think that _________________.
What do we know/learn about sb in the text? How did …feel about…?
标志性词语：attitude, learn form, know from, feel about ... 6. 推断读者对象或文章的作者 Who probably wrote the letter? Who is the passage written for?
Who are the intended readers of the passage?
标志性词语：the intended reader, writer, author… 7. 推断作者的情感
How does the author feel about_______________?
The writer probably feels that______________________. 标志性词语：feel, feel about...
（二） 练习
Find the answers to the inference questions in the reading personally.
第1题When I was a teenager, my mother’s broken English embarrassed me. But now, I see it differently. To me, my mother’s English is perfectly clear, perfectly natural. It is my mother tongue. Her language, as I hear it, is vivid, direct, and full of observation and wisdom. It was the language that helped shape the way 1 saw things, expressed ideas, and made sense of the world. [2010年广东卷A篇44] What does the author think of her mother’s English now?
A. It confuses her. B. It embarrasses her.
C. It helps her understand the world. D. It helps her tolerate rude people.
第2题Batteries can power anything from small sensors to large systems. While scientists are finding ways to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves. University of Missouri researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient. …
Together with J. David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery. In the future, they hope to increase the battery’s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials. Kwon said that the battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.【2010山东卷D篇75】
The text is most probably a _________________. A. science news report B. book review
C. newspaper ad D. science fiction story
第3题Forget Twitter and Facebook, Google and the Kindle. Television is still the most influential medium around. Indeed ,for many of the poorest regions(地区)of the world, it remains the next big thing——finally becomes globally available. And that is a good thing, because the TV revolution is changing lives for the better. ...
Too much TV has been associated with violence, overweight and loneliness. However, TV is having a positive influence on the lives of billions worldwide. The author intends to____________. [2010年福建卷B篇62] . A.stress the advantages of TV to people’s lives B.persuade women to become more independent C.encourage people to improve their reading skills D.introduce the readers some websites such as Google
第4题Dress to impress: Stylist and business consultant Daniela Smith says, “Girls should keep in mind that your college professors will often be the bridge that connects you to your future career and your classmates will become your professional network.